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1 Renard, Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 23 November 1847 Damblain, Vosges, Franced. 13 April 1905 Chalais-Meudon, France[br]French pioneer of military aeronautics who, with A.C.Krebs, built an airship powered by an electric motor.[br]Charles Renard was a French army officer with an interest in aviation. In 1873 he constructed an unusual unmanned glider with ten wings and an automatic stabilizing device to control rolling. This operated by means of a pendulum device linked to moving control surfaces. The model was launched from a tower near Arras, but unfortunately it spiralled into the ground. The control surfaces could not cope with the basic instability of the design, but as an idea for automatic flight control it was ahead of its time.Following a Commission report on the military use of balloons, carrier pigeons and an optical telegraph, an aeronautical establishment was set up in 1877 at Chalais-Meudon, near Paris, under the direction of Charles Renard, who was assisted by his brother Paul. The following year Renard and a colleague, Arthur Krebs, began to plan an airship. They received financial help from Léon Gambetta, a prominent politician who had escaped from Paris by balloon in 1870 during the siege by the Prussians. Renard and Krebs studied earlier airship designs: they used the outside shape of Paul Haenlein's gas-engined airship of 1872 and included Meusnier's internal air-filled ballonnets. The gas-engine had not been a success so they decided on an electric motor. Renard developed lightweight pile batteries while Krebs designed a motor, although this was later replaced by a more powerful Gramme motor of 6.5 kW (9 hp). La France was constructed at Chalais-Meudon and, after a two-month wait for calm conditions, the airship finally ascended on 9 August 1884. The motor was switched on and the flight began. Renard and Krebs found their airship handled well and after twenty-three minutes they landed back at their base. La, France made several successful flights, but its speed of only 24 km/h (15 mph) meant that flights could be made only in calm weather. Parts of La, France, including the electric motor, are preserved in the Musée de l'Air in Paris.Renard remained in charge of the establishment at Chalais-Meudon until his death. Among other things, he developed the "Train Renard", a train of articulated road vehicles for military and civil use, of which a number were built between 1903 and 1911. Towards the end of his life Renard became interested in helicopters, and in 1904 he built a large twin-rotor model which, however, failed to take off.[br]Bibliography1886, Le Ballon dirigeable La France, Paris (a description of the airship).Further ReadingDescriptions of Renard and Kreb's airship are given in most books on the history of lighter-than-air flight, e.g.L.T.C.Rolt, 1966, The Aeronauts, London; pub. in paperback 1985.C.Bailleux, c. 1988, Association pour l'Histoire de l'Electricité en France, (a detailed account of the conception and operations of La France).1977, Centenaire de la recherche aéronautique à Chalais-Meudon, Paris (an official memoir on the work of Chalais-Meudon with a chapter on Renard).JDS -
2 Renard
n. =REYNARD -
3 Renard
Байка про Лису, Петуха, Кота да Барана ( Стравинский) -
4 nigger
Dictionary of Engineering, architecture and construction > nigger
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5 shear failure of soil
renard mDictionary of Engineering, architecture and construction > shear failure of soil
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6 steam nigger
Dictionary of Engineering, architecture and construction > steam nigger
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renard (m) Noun -
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1 noun(a) (animal, fur) renard m;∎ figurative he's a sly old fox c'est un vieux renard;∎ as sly as a fox rusé comme un renard;∎ it's like setting the fox to mind the geese c'est faire entrer le loup dans la bergerie∎ you've got me foxed je suis perplexe□fox brush queue f de renard;fox cub renardeau m;fox fur (peau f de) renard m;Medicine fox mange alopécie f;fox terrier fox m inv, fox-terrier m -
9 foxhunting
foxhunting ['fɒks‚hʌntɪŋ]chasse f au renard;∎ to go foxhunting aller chasser le renard ou à la chasse au renard -
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hunting ['hʌntɪŋ]1 noun(a) (sporting activity) chasse f; British (fox-hunting) chasse f au renard; History (mounted deer-hunt) chasse f à courre; History (as an art) vénerie f;∎ huntin', shootin' and fishin' = expression employée pour parodier l'aristocratie rurale, en insinuant que sa principale activité est la chasse et la pêche;∎ he's a hunting man c'est un grand chasseur∎ bargain hunting la chasse aux soldes(boots, gun, knife, licence) de chasse►► hunting dog chien m de chasse;Sport & figurative hunting ground terrain m de chasse;Hunting hunting horn cor m ou trompe f de chasse;Hunting hunting lodge pavillon m de chasse;1 noun(UNCOUNT) British habit m rouge de chasse à courrerouge chasseur (inv);Hunting hunting season saison f de la chasseⓘ THE HUNTING DEBATE Depuis plusieurs années, la chasse à courre au renard constitue pour le gouvernement britannique un dossier controversé. En effet, une partie de plus en plus importante de la population s'oppose à ce type de chasse, considéré comme barbare; mais il existe également en face un groupe de pression pro-chasse très actif qui s'oppose à toute réforme et qui met l'accent sur les conséquences néfastes qu'une interdiction de la chasse au renard aurait sur le mode de vie rural et sur l'emploi dans les campagnes. En 1999, la Countryside Alliance (voir ce mot) organisa à Londres une grande marche contre les projets de réforme envisagés par le gouvernement. Voir aussi l'encadré sur the Countryside Debate. -
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—1. LAT Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre)2. RUS лисья акула f, акула-лисица f3. ENG fox [thresher, whip-tailed] shark4. DEU Fuchshai m, Drescher m, Langschweif m, Seefuchs m5. FRA renard m marin [de mer], requin-renard m, faucheur m -
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—1. LAT Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre)2. RUS лисья акула f, акула-лисица f3. ENG fox [thresher, whip-tailed] shark4. DEU Fuchshai m, Drescher m, Langschweif m, Seefuchs m5. FRA renard m marin [de mer], requin-renard m, faucheur mDICTIONARY OF ANIMAL NAMES IN FIVE LANGUAGES > shark, thresher
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16 shark, whip-tailed
—1. LAT Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre)2. RUS лисья акула f, акула-лисица f3. ENG fox [thresher, whip-tailed] shark4. DEU Fuchshai m, Drescher m, Langschweif m, Seefuchs m5. FRA renard m marin [de mer], requin-renard m, faucheur mDICTIONARY OF ANIMAL NAMES IN FIVE LANGUAGES > shark, whip-tailed
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17 fox
[foks] 1. plural - foxes; noun(a type of reddish-brown wild animal which looks like a dog.) renard2. adjectivefox-fur.) de renard3. verb(to puzzle or confuse: She was completely foxed.) mystifier, tromper- foxy- foxhound - fox terrier -
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См. также в других словарях:
renard — [ r(ə)nar ] n. m. • 1240 Renart n. pr.; du frq. Reginhart, nom donné à l animal dans « le Roman de Renart »; a éliminé goupil 1 ♦ Mammifère carnivore (canidés), aux oreilles droites, à la tête triangulaire assez effilée, à la queue touffue, au… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Renard (avions) — Création 1923 Disparition 1970 Fondateurs Alfred Renard Activité … Wikipédia en Français
renard — 1. (re nar ; le d ne se prononce pas et ne se lie pas ; au pluriel, l s ne se lie pas : des re nar écorchés ; cependant quelques uns la lient : des re nar z écorchés) s. m. 1° Quadrupède carnassier à longue queue, du genre chien. • Il… … Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré
Renard Roux — Renard roux … Wikipédia en Français
Renard commun — Renard roux Renard roux … Wikipédia en Français
Renard rouge — Renard roux Renard roux … Wikipédia en Français
Renard arctique — Renard polaire Pour les articles homonymes, voir Renard (homonymie) … Wikipédia en Français
Renard isatis — Renard polaire Pour les articles homonymes, voir Renard (homonymie) … Wikipédia en Français
renard — RENARD. s. m. Beste puante, maligne & rusée, qui vit de rapine. Vieux renard. la chasse aux renards. prendre des renards. renard noir. enfumer des renards. le renard se terre. les soldats se terroient comme des renards. peau de renard. queuë du… … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
Renard — ist ein Familienname. Es gibt ihn aber auch als männlichen Vornamen. Es ist die französische Form von Reinhard. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Herkunft und Bedeutung 2 Bekannte Namensträger 3 Sonstiges … Deutsch Wikipedia
Renard — (French for fox ) can indicate:Fictional characters and art*Renard, an alternate spelling of Reynard, an anthropomorphic fox of European folklore * Renard (Stravinsky) , a 1916 opera ballet by Igor Stravinsky premiered by the Ballets Russes with… … Wikipedia